Water balance by country
The method is the same everywhere; the reporting rules, metering practice and typical numbers are not. Pick your country for the settings to use and what to expect.
- Australia
How Australian water utilities calculate the IWA water balance for the BoM National Performance Report and state regulators, why the ILI is usually low, and the local settings to use in the calculator.
- New Zealand
How New Zealand councils and water organisations calculate the IWA water balance for the Water New Zealand National Performance Review and the new economic regulator, with unmetered residential supply handled properly.
- United States
Running an AWWA M36-compatible water audit online: US customary units, state requirements in California, Georgia, Texas, Tennessee and Hawaii, data validity grading and how the ILI is calculated in gallons and psi.
- United Kingdom
How UK water companies build the annual water balance for Ofwat reporting, reconcile top-down and bottom-up leakage with MLE, and how the IWA balance and ILI map onto the Ml/d and litres-per-property measures used in England and Wales.
- India
How Indian urban local bodies and PHEDs run an IWA water balance under the CPHEEO manual and AMRUT 2.0, with intermittent supply, partial metering and low pressure handled correctly — and why the low-and-middle-income bands apply.
- Indonesia
How Indonesian PDAMs calculate air tak berekening (NRW) with the IWA water balance, the national NRW target, BPKP performance audits, and running WB-EasyCalc files online in Bahasa-friendly units.
- Philippines
How Philippine water districts and concessionaires calculate the IWA water balance, LWUA and PAWD NRW benchmarks, and what the Manila Water and Maynilad turnaround shows about the numbers.
- Malaysia
How Malaysian state water operators calculate the IWA water balance for SPAN, where the national NRW rate sits, and the local metering, pressure and treatment settings to use.
- South Africa
How South African municipalities calculate the IWA water balance for the Department of Water and Sanitation's No Drop programme, the WRC water-balance model, and why pressure management is the first lever.
- Brazil
How Brazilian sanitation companies and municipal utilities calculate the IWA water balance, how it maps to the SNIS indicators IN049 and IN051, and the loss-reduction target in the 2020 sanitation framework.